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How Do Magnet Planar Headphones Work?

It might be difficult to understand the workings of planar magnetic drivers if you have never used two. Planar magnetic drivers employ two flat magnets which are sandwiched in a thin diaphragm with conductors. This differs from the voicecoil motor, which is a cone that is pushed back and forward.

The Diaphragm

Contrary to a traditional headphone driver with dome or cone shaped diaphragm, a magnet planar is a flat piece of flexible film. The film is made of conductors which react to magnets placed across the membrane. When the electrical signal running through these wires changes the magnetic field generated by the magnets causes the diaphragm react and move. This movement creates soundwaves which you can hear.

The diaphragm in the human body is a dome-shaped muscular membrane that divides the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities. It is the primary muscle of respiration and is involved in the process of inspiratory action (exhaling air) like breathing, sneezing, coughing, laughing, crying vomiting, and parturition. The diaphragm is also vital in expulsive actions such as defecating and urinating and pushing out the fetus during the birth.

Due to the ultra-light and thin structure of a planar magnetic diaphragm it is more responsive to changes in the audio signal than dynamic drivers. These headphones have a sound that is more precise and delicate than that you get from a dynamic driver.

One of the downsides of planar magnetic headphones is that they tend to have a bit more leakage than their dynamic counterparts, particularly at higher volumes. This is due to the motion of the magnet diaphragm of the planar headphones, which causes some audio to be pushed away from the listener.

This isn't an issue if you use the headphones in quiet settings or when watching movies however, it can be a hassle for public listening and active usage. There are fortunately, some very good options available to limit the amount of leakage, like the Audeze LCD-4 or HiFiMAN Sundara. In addition, some brands like Wisdom Audio are at the forefront of advancing PMD technology and have been working hard to resolve the issues associated with this type of headphone. They have developed a number of patents, which you can see on their products. For example, their new flexible circuit-based planar winding eliminates the limitations of stamped copper windings, giving the best utilization.

The Conductors

The conductors are what connects the diaphragm and the magnets and they are the ones responsible for creating the sound you hear. They are typically made from a mixture of copper and aluminum. The diaphragm is then wrapped around the central magnetic core. It is then supported by the headphone's frame. The magnetic core is a circular form of magnetic element and can be constructed from any material, however it is usually made by using Neodymium. The core is the main element of any planar audio driver. It is comprised of nested layers and an elongated helix that is 10-20mm in diameter.

A key advantage of planar magnetic drivers is that they create an even larger soundstage than their dynamic counterparts. This is because when audio signals arrive at a certain frequency, the entire diaphragm is vibrating instead of the tiny area that is attached to the voice coil. This greater surface area results in lower distortion levels, particularly when the volume is higher.

The ability of a magnet planar to quickly react to changes in audio signals is another important feature. This allows for a wider range of frequencies to be reproduced, as well as a more authentic sound. Audiophiles who love music with different instruments and vocals will appreciate this feature.

Additionally, the stacked design of a planar magnetic decreases the variability of parts and is suitable for mission critical applications that require high-reliability. As compared to wirewound magnetics better consistency and lower magnetic field distortion, which is vital for the success of any electronic device.

The Magnets

A magnet is a material with magnetic properties. It can exert an attractive or repulsive force on certain substances such as iron, nickel, cobalt and a few steels. It can also attract and repel certain electrical conductors. This phenomenon is referred to as magnetism. It can be produced in temporary, permanent or electromagnets. Magnets can be utilized in a myriad of applications and can be found in a variety of devices including electronic devices such as headphones laptop computers, mobile phones and car audio systems.

Planar magnetic driver technology, unlike traditional dynamic or balanced armature drivers that push a rigid, stiff diaphragm using the voice coil to produce the sound wavefront, utilizes an extremely thin and flexible diaphragm. This diaphragm vibrates and creates a flat wavefront, instead of a narrow spherical one, which is the norm in most headphones and speaker. This creates a cleaner and spacious soundstage and is recognized for its rich bass.

The biggest drawback of planar magnetic headphone drivers is that the huge magnets they contain require plenty of power. This makes them heavier and more bulky than other types of headphones drivers. A lot of planar magnetic drivers require an amplifier to function effectively.

The amplifier has to be constructed to match the power output of the planar magnetic driver in order to give the best listening experience. Additionally, the amplifier must have a sufficient input impedance to drive the planar magnetic driver at its highest output frequency.

The planar magnetic drive is generally designed as either a dipole, which radiates equally and in opposing phases in front and behind the speaker (like ESLs), or a monopole, which emits only in the forward-facing direction (more than traditional headphones). The most common design of a planar magnetic driver is a bipole that has alternating poles on the north and south. Its shape lets it be easily fabricated as one piece of metal, and creates a very solid field in the center of the faceplate.

Because of their size and efficiency due to their size and efficiency, planar magnetic drivers have a lower distortion factor than other types of headphone drivers. They are used in high-end headphone systems where sound accuracy matters. They can also be found in audio equipment that is designed for professional use, such as microphones and loudspeakers. They are also perfect for medical imaging and other applications that require high-precision.

The Seal

To perform well, planar drivers must be sealed extremely tightly and precisely. A small leak can greatly reduce sound performance and even cause distortion. It requires an enormous amount of effort to design the ideal seal for a closed-back planar magnetic headphones driver.

Planar magnetic headphones, unlike other headphone designs, must not have any gaps in the enclosure for acoustics. This is because gaps will cause the diaphragm to resonate with different frequencies at the same time. Crosstalk is a problem that can affect the quality of sound.

Rubber ring seals are the most common type of seal used in planar magnetic headphones. This seal can stop air leaks with great efficiency. It is also very robust and lasts for many years. However, it is important to remember that this kind of seal could occasionally produce hollow sounds. Therefore, it is important to select a high-quality rubber seal if planning on using a planar magnetic headphone.

Another alternative to a planar magnetic driver is the liquid crystal display (LCD) seal. This is a high-tech seal that is designed to stop gaps from creating. It is also constructed to withstand a substantial amount of pressure. This makes it an excellent option for audiophiles looking for a premium audio quality.

LCD headphones can produce a clear and crisp sound. This is particularly the case for headphones that are high-end, like the Audeze LCD-4 or magnet Planar HiFiMAN Susvara. It is possible to find LCD headphones with the same sound at a lower price.

It is also important to remember that the planar magnetic headphone may create a higher volume of sound than traditional dynamic headphones. This is because of the way they are constructed. In contrast to dynamic headphones, planar magnetic headphones feature two opposing magnets that pull on the diaphragm. This creates a powerful force that can produce extremely high frequencies.

Planar magnetic drivers are relatively new technology in the world of headphone production. They are beginning to revolutionize the way people listen to music. These headphones offer high-quality sound and are comfortable to wear. They are also easy to adjust.