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How Do Magnet Planar Headphones Work?

If you've not yet tried a pair headphones with magnetic drivers with planar design, it may be difficult to get your head around how they work. In contrast to the voicecoil actuator which drives a stiff cone back and back using a cone, planar magnetic drivers utilize two flat magnets sandwiching an incredibly thin diaphragm that is printed with conductors.

Diaphragm

Unlike a traditional dynamic headphone driver, which has dome or cone-shaped diaphragms, a magnet planar has a flat piece of flexible film. The film is made of conductors which react to magnets that are placed on across the membrane. When the electrical signal flowing through these wires changes the magnetic field generated by the magnets causes the diaphragm react and move. This movement creates sound waves that can be heard by you.

The diaphragm of the human body is a dome-shaped membranous muscular structure that separates the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities. It is the primary respiratory muscle and is involved in the process of inspiratory action (exhaling air), such as breathing or coughing, sneezing laughing, crying, vomiting, and parturition. The diaphragm is also essential in expulsive actions such as defecating and urinating and pushing out the fetus during delivery.

Due to the ultra-light and thin nature of a planar magnetic diaphragm it is more responsive to changes in the audio signal than dynamic drivers. Planar magnetic headphones provide more delicate and precise sound than dynamic drivers.

One of the disadvantages of planar-magnet headphones is that, at higher volume, they can leak more than their dynamic counterparts. This is because of the movement of the magnet diaphragm of the planar headphones, which causes some audio to be pushed towards the listener.

It's not a big issue if you use headphones only in quiet settings or to watch movies. But it can be a nuisance for active listening or public use. There are fortunately, some great options to reduce the amount of leakage, like the Audeze LCD-4 or HiFiMAN Sundara. Wisdom Audio, for example is at the forefront in developing PMD technology. They have put in a lot of effort to address issues with this type of headphone. They have developed a number of patents, which you can see on their products. For example, their new flexible circuit-based planar winding eliminates the limitations of stamped copper windings to give them a better utilization factor.

The Conductors

Conductors link the magnets with the diaphragm and are the ones responsible for the sound you hear. They are typically made of a mixture of aluminum and copper. The diaphragm is then wrapped around the magnetic core. It is then supported by the headphone's frame. The magnetic core may be constructed from any type of material, but it is typically Neodymium. The core itself is the primary component of any planar audio driver. It is made up of several nested layers of an helix that is circular with a diameter of 10-20mm.

Planar magnetic drivers have the benefit of creating a wider soundstage than their more dynamic counterparts. This is because the entire diaphragm vibrates when an audio signal is received, instead of a tiny area that is attached to the voice coil. This larger surface area also results in lower distortion levels, particularly at higher volumes.

Another key feature of a magnet planar is its ability to respond quickly to changes in the audio signal. This allows for magnet planar a wider range of frequencies to be reproduced, as well as a more realistic sound. Audiophiles who appreciate music that includes different instruments and vocals will appreciate this feature.

The stacking design of planar magnets reduces part-topart variability, making them ideal for critical applications that require high reliability. Compared to traditional wirewound magnetics better consistency and lower magnetic field distortion, which is vital for the success of any electronic device.

The Magnets

As the name suggests the word magnet refers to an element that has magnetic properties. It can create an attractive or a repulsive force on certain materials, such as nickel, iron, cobalt and some steels. It also attracts and repel electrical conductors. This phenomenon is known as magnetism. It is produced in permanent, temporary or electromagnets. Magnets can be used in a wide range of applications and are used in a variety of electronic devices such as headphones mobile phones, laptop computers and car audio systems.

Planar magnetic driver technology, unlike traditional balanced armature or dynamic drivers that push a rigid, stiff diaphragm by using a voice coil to create the sound wavefront, uses an extremely thin and flexible diaphragm. The diaphragm oscillates and creates a flat wavefront instead of a spherical focused one, as is typical in the majority of headphones and speakers. This results in a more clear and spacious soundstage and is recognized for its rich bass.

The primary drawback to planar magnetic drivers is that they require quite a bit of power to move the huge magnets inside them, which makes them bulkier and heavier than other kinds of headphone drivers. Many planar magnetic drivers need an amplifier in order to function correctly.

The amplifier should be designed to match the power output of a planar magnetic driver in order to offer the best magnetic planar headphones listening experience. Additionally the amplifier should be equipped with a sufficient input impedance to be able to drive the planar magnetic driver at its maximum output frequency.

The planar magnetic drive is generally constructed as a dipole, which radiates equally and in opposing phases in the front and behind the speaker (like ESLs) or a monopole, which radiates only in the forward-facing direction (more than traditional headphones). The most commonly used model is a bipole, with one north and one south pole. Its shape lets it be made as a single metal piece and produces a very solid field in the center of the faceplate.

Planar magnetic drivers are more efficient and have a lower distortion because of their dimensions. As such, they are commonly employed in headphones with high-end features where sound quality is crucial. You can also find them in professional audio equipment like microphones and speakers. They are also ideal for medical imaging, and other sensitive applications that require high-precision.

The Seal

For planar drivers to perform effectively, they must be sealed in a tight and precise manner. A small leak could be a major impact on the quality of sound and may cause distortion. So, a lot of work is required to create the correct seal for planar drivers.

Unlike many conventional headphone designs that are used, planar magnetic headphones should not have any gaps in the enclosure of the acoustic. This is because gaps cause the diaphragm's resonance to be triggered with multiple frequencies simultaneously. Crosstalk is a problem that can affect the sound quality.

The most commonly used seal for Magnet Planar planar headphones is the rubber rings seal. This type of seal is very effective at stopping air leaks. It is also extremely robust and can last for an extended period of time. However, it is important to remember that this kind of seal may occasionally produce an unnatural sound. It is therefore crucial to select a premium rubber seal if you are planning on using the planar magnetic headphone.

The liquid crystal display (LCD) seal is a different alternative for a magnetic planar driver. It is a more sophisticated type of seal that is designed to prevent the creation of gaps. It's also designed to withstand a significant amount of pressure. This makes it a good choice for audiophiles who are looking for a premium sound quality.

One benefit of LCD headphones is that they can offer the most clear and precise sound. This is particularly true for high-end models, like the Audeze LCD-4 and HiFiMAN Susvara. However, it is also possible to find low-cost LCD headphones that offer a similar sound quality.

It is important to note that planar magnetic headphones produce a higher sound pressure than dynamic headphones. The way they are constructed is the reason for this. They differ from dynamic headphones in that they have two magnets that pull against the diaphragm. This creates a powerful force that can generate very high frequencies.

Planar magnetic drivers are a relatively new technology in the world of headphone production. They have started to revolutionize the way people listen to music. These headphones offer high-quality sound and are comfortable to wear. They are also simple to adjust.